Das Fernsehen kommt 1953 bis 1969" (in German). The transformation of the historic area into a pedestrian priority zone enables and invites walking and biking by making these active modes of transport comfortable, safe and enjoyable. Several non-centralised museums (many of those are public collections at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitt) show the expanded state collections of palaeontology, geology, mineralogy,[122] zoology, botany and anthropology. Munich is a major international cultural centre and has played host to many prominent composers including Orlando di Lasso, W.A. The system is supervised by the Munich Transport and Tariff Association (Mnchner Verkehrs- und Tarifverbund GmbH). [14], Munich's economy is based on high tech, automobiles, the service sector and creative industries, as well as IT, biotechnology, engineering and electronics among many other sectors. Ludwig II nevertheless generated a windfall for Munich's craft and construction industries. Wolf-Armin Freiherr von Reitzenstein (2006), "Mnchen", Lexikon bayerischer Ortsnamen. There is also a small Old Catholic parish and an English-speaking parish of the Episcopal Church in the city. When the bubonic plague broke out in 1634 and 1635, about one-third of the population died. Brewers and the beer taverns (Wirtshuser) were taxed, and the state also controlled the quality of beer while limiting the competition among breweries. Liga, and former Bundesliga club SpVgg Unterhaching, who currently play in the Regionalliga Bayern, in Germany's 4th division. "Appeasing Hitler: The Munich Crisis of 1938: A Teaching and Learning Resource," New England Journal of History (2010) 66#2 pp 130, Ralph D. Hildebrand, Rainer Wallbaum: Der Flughafen Mnchen. Munich (/ m ju n k / MEW-nik; German: Mnchen [mnn] (); Bavarian: Minga [m()] ()) is the capital and most populous city of the German state of Bavaria.With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the third-largest city in Germany, after Berlin and Hamburg, and thus the largest which does not constitute its own state, as well as the 11th . The name of the city is usually interpreted as deriving from the Old/Middle High German form Munichen, meaning "by the monks". The city is home to more than 530,000 people of foreign background, making up 37.7% of its population. Mnchen und seine Befestigungen. Munich is also one of the most attractive business locations in Germany. Wolfgang Krmer: Geschichte der Gemeinde Gauting einschlielich der Hofmarken Fuberg und Knigswiesen nebst Grubmhle, Reismhle und Gemeinde Stockdorf sowie der Schwaigen Kreuzing und Pentenried. [58], Following the outbreak of World War I in 1914, life in Munich became very difficult, as the Allied blockade of Germany led to food and fuel shortages. The Bavarian dialects are spoken in and around Munich, with its variety West Middle Bavarian or Old Bavarian (Westmittelbairisch / Altbairisch). Under the regency of the Bavarian electors, Munich was an important centre of Baroque life, but also had to suffer under Habsburg occupations in 1704 and 1742. Hannes Burger: 350 Jahre Paulaner-Salvator-Thomasbru AG. $148.00 Select Colors $89.99. Winter tends to have less precipitation, the least in February. [citation needed], At the turn of the 20th century, Munich, and especially its suburb of Schwabing, was the preeminent cultural metropolis of Germany. Motorways from Stuttgart (W), Nuremberg, Frankfurt and Berlin (N), Deggendorf and Passau (E), Salzburg and Innsbruck (SE), Garmisch Partenkirchen (S) and Lindau (SW) terminate at Munich, allowing direct access to the different parts of Germany, Austria and Italy. In 1623, during the Thirty Years' War, Munich became an electoral residence when Maximilian I, Duke of Bavaria was invested with the electoral dignity, but in 1632 the city was occupied by Gustav II Adolph of Sweden. Munich lies on the elevated plains of Upper Bavaria, about 50km (31mi) north of the northern edge of the Alps, at an altitude of about 520m (1,706ft) ASL. [46] By the 1850s beer had become essential staple food for Munich's working and lower classes. [66], In March 1924, Munich broadcast its first radio program. [125][129], July, English Garden:[125] Other baroque churches in the inner city include the Brgersaalkirche, the Trinity Church and the St. Anna Damenstiftskirche. [citation needed], In 1916, the 'Bayerische Motoren Werke' (BMW) produced its first aircraft engine in Munich. Flixmobility which offers intercity coach service is headquartered in Munich. The British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain assented to the German annexation of Czechoslovakia's Sudetenland region in the hopes of satisfying Hitler's territorial expansion. The architect Paul Troost was asked to start work shortly after the Nazis had seized power because "the most German of all German cities" was left with no exhibition building when in 1931 the Glass Palace was destroyed in an arson. The RealReal is the world's #1 luxury consignment online store. [citation needed], Furthermore, Munich was the centre of Krautrock in southern Germany, with many important bands such as Amon Dl II, Embryo or Popol Vuh hailing from the city. [82], Munich and its urban sprawl emerged as leading German high tech region during the 1980s and 1990s. There are six main breweries in Munich: Augustiner-Bru, Hacker-Pschorr, Hofbru, Lwenbru, Paulaner and Spaten-Franziskaner-Bru (separate brands Spaten and Franziskaner, the latter of which mainly for Weissbier). The origin of the modern city of Munich is the result of a power struggle between a military warlord and an influential Catholic bishop. Most high-rise buildings are clustered at the northern edge of Munich in the skyline, like the Hypo-Haus, the Arabella High-Rise Building, the Highlight Towers, Uptown Munich, Mnchner Tor and the BMW Headquarters next to the Olympic Park. [134] Over 7million liters of beer are consumed at each Oktoberfest. By Kppen classification templates and updated data the climate is oceanic (Cfb), independent of the isotherm but with some humid continental (Dfb) features like warm to hot summers and cold winters, but without permanent snow cover. [17][18], The name in modern German is Mnchen, but this has been variously translated in different languages: in English, French, Spanish and various other languages as "Munich", in Italian as "Monaco di Baviera", in Portuguese as "Munique". The Coopers' Dance (German: Schfflertanz) is a guild dance of coopers originally started in Munich. [5] Straddling the banks of the River Isar (a tributary of the Danube) north of the Bavarian Alps, Munich is the seat of the Bavarian administrative region of Upper Bavaria, while being the most densely populated municipality in Germany (4,500 people per km2). [citation needed]. Mnchen Hauptbahnhof is the main railway station located in the city centre and is one of three long-distance stations in Munich, the others being Mnchen Ost (to the east) and Mnchen-Pasing (to the west). [5], South of Munich, there are numerous nearby freshwater lakes such as Lake Starnberg, Ammersee, Chiemsee, Walchensee, Kochelsee, Tegernsee, Schliersee, Simssee, Staffelsee, Wrthsee, Kirchsee and the Osterseen (Easter Lakes), which are popular among Munich residents for recreation, swimming and watersports and can be quickly reached by car and a few also by Munich's S-Bahn. After the murder of the first republican premier of Bavaria Kurt Eisner in February 1919 by Anton Graf von Arco auf Valley, the Bavarian Soviet Republic was proclaimed. [citation needed], Next to the Bavarian Staatsschauspiel in the Residenz Theatre (Residenztheater), the Munich Kammerspiele in the Schauspielhaus is one of the most important German-language theatres in the world. In the 1920s, Munich became home to several political factions, among them the NSDAP. According to Munich Statistical Office, in 2013 about 8.6% of Munich's population was Muslim.[102]. But Munich suffered from poor water sanitation and as early as the 1700s beer came to be regarded as the fifth element. Polo Ralph Lauren. Deutsche Bahn Website. Despite being 110km (68mi) from Munich, Memmingen Airport has been advertised as Airport Munich West. [140], Munich has the highest density of music venues of any German city, followed by Hamburg, Cologne and Berlin. In addition, these paths go through public squares and open spaces increasing the enjoyment of the trip (see image). [76] Since 1963, Munich has been hosting the Munich Security Conference, held annually in the Hotel Bayerischer Hof. Bayerischer Rundfunk. [69], On November 8, 1939, shortly after the Second World War had begun, a Georg Elser planted a bomb in the Brgerbrukeller in Munich in an attempt to assassinate Adolf Hitler, who held a political party speech. Jubilums-Festschrift. One of them was the travesty nightclub Old Mrs. Henderson, where Freddie Mercury, who lived in Munich from 1979 to 1985, filmed the music video for the song Living on My Own at his 39th birthday party. Music is so important in the Bavarian capital that the city hall gives permissions every day to ten musicians for performing in the streets around Marienplatz. [73], After US occupation in 1945, Munich was completely rebuilt following a meticulous plan, which preserved its pre-war street grid, bar a few exceptions owing to then modern traffic concepts. $148.00 Select Colors $89.99. Many of Valentin's works wouldn't be imaginable without his congenial female partner Liesl Karlstadt, who often played male characters to hilarious effect in their sketches. The town is first mentioned as forum apud Munichen in the Augsburg arbitration[de] of 14 June 1158 by Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I. [162] Munich is also a centre for biotechnology, software and other service industries. In addition, Munich is home to two research universities, a multitude of scientific institutions, and world-renowned technology and science museums like the Deutsches Museum and BMW Museum. [123][146][147], Munich nightlife tends to change dramatically and quickly. The wealthy district of Bogenhausen in the east of Munich is another little-known area (at least among tourists) rich in extravagant architecture, especially around Prinzregentenstrae. PS100 High-Top Sneaker. The average distance people usually ride in a single trip with public transit is 9.2km, while 21% travel for over 12km in a single direction.[170]. Shortly before the opening ceremony, Munich also inaugurated a sizable pedestrian priority zone between Klarlsplatz and Marienplatz. Duke Louis IV, a native of Munich, was elected German king in 1314 and crowned as Holy Roman Emperor in 1328. It would become the prototype for beer halls across Munich. The avenue crosses the Isar and circles the Friedensengel monument, then passing the Villa Stuck and Hitler's old apartment. In the 15th century, Munich underwent a revival of Gothic arts: the Old Town Hall was enlarged, and Munich's largest Gothic church the Frauenkirche now a cathedral, was constructed in only 20 years, starting in 1468. Its importance as a centre for both literature and the fine arts was second to none in Europe, with numerous German and non-German artists moving there. It was the typical beer in Munich in the 19th century, but it is now more of a speciality. Munich hosted the 1972 Summer Olympics; the Munich Massacre took place in the Olympic village. Cycling has a strong presence in the city and is recognised as a good alternative to motorised transport. In 1240, Munich was transferred to Otto II Wittelsbach and in 1255, when the Duchy of Bavaria was split in two, Munich became the ducal residence of Upper Bavaria. [citation needed]. Pop. Siedler, Mnchen 2015, ISBN 978-3-8275-0080-9. The St. Anna im Lehel is the first rococo church in Bavaria. [119], Munich has a reputation as a surfing hotspot, offering the world's best known river surfing spot, the Eisbach wave, which is located at the southern edge of the Englischer Garten park and used by surfers day and night and throughout the year. [118] Popular indoor swimming pools include the Olympia Schwimmhalle of the 1972 Summer Olympics, the wave pool Cosimawellenbad, as well as the Mllersches Volksbad which was built in 1901. [citation needed], Annual "High End Munich" trade show. When Bavaria was reunited in 1506 after a brief war against the Duchy of Landshut, Munich became its capital. The subterranean S-Bahn with 2 platforms and U-Bahn stations with 6 platforms are through stations.[171][172]. Munich is a densely-built city but has numerous public parks. [96] The city administration decided to support a joint study from its own Referat fr Gesundheit und Umwelt (department for health and environmental issues) and the German Meteorological Service that will gather data on local weather. [86], On the fifth anniversary of the 2011 Norway attacks an active shooter perpetrated hate crime. The warmest month, on average, is July. PS100 High-Top Sneaker. BR-Chronik: Der BR von 1922 bis heute" (in German). Two large Baroque palaces in Nymphenburg and Oberschleissheim are reminders of Bavaria's royal past. In 2015, the transport modal share in Munich was 38 percent public transport, 25 percent car, 23 percent walking, and 15 percent bicycle. Munich has significance as a financial centre (second only to Frankfurt), being home of HypoVereinsbank and the Bayerische Landesbank. There are countless Wirtshuser (traditional Bavarian ale houses/restaurants) all over the city area, many of which also have small outside areas. Dezember 2018). The modern Gasteig centre houses the Munich Philharmonic Orchestra. We round up some top events happening around the world in April", "Munich Tollwood Winter Festival: until December 31", "Tollwood Mnchen: Veranstaltungen, Konzerte, Theater, Markt", "Oktoberfest Facts, Trivia and Stats for 2018", "Grndungsmythos der Schffler: So wahr wie die offiziellen Abgaswerte der Autoindustrie", "MICHELIN Guide, Germany, Munich Restaurants", "Circus Krone: Europe's largest traditional circus", "11 verrckte Clubs in Mnchen, die Geschichte schrieben", "Mnchen ist "New Yorks groe Discoschwester", "Corpus Techno: The music of the future will soon be history", "Club Legenden #4: Raves und Nirvanas letztes Konzert am Flughafen Riem", "Clubstudie 2021: Initiative Musik legt Einzelauswertungen der Bundeslnder vor", "Clubstudie 2021: Einzelauswertungen der Bundeslnder", "Die besten Clubs & Techno Partys in Mnchen heute", "Management Studium Private Hochschule ISM Intern. He had the sermons of his Jesuit court preacher Jeremias Drexel translated from Latin into German and published them to a greater audience. As of the 2020 local elections, green and centre-left parties also hold a majority in the city council (Stadtrat). Munich also played a significant role in the development of electronic music, with genre pioneer Giorgio Moroder, who invented synth disco and electronic dance music, and Donna Summer, one of disco music's most important performers, both living and working in the city. Next door to the Residenz the neo-classical opera, the National Theatre was erected. 110 East 55th Street, New York, New York 10022-4540. [citation needed] In Mein Kampf Adolf Hitler described his political activism in Munich after November 1918 as the "Beginning of My Political Activity". Years earlier (the exact time is unclear, but may have been in the early 10th century), Benedictine monks helped build a toll bridge and a customs house over the Isar River (most likely in the modern town of Oberfhring) to control the salt trade between Augsburg and Salzburg (which had existed since Roman times). The nearby Michaelskirche is the largest renaissance church north of the Alps, while the Theatinerkirche is a basilica in Italianate high baroque, which had a major influence on Southern German baroque architecture. [38] During the rule of Duke William V Munich began to be called the "German Rome" and William V began presenting Emperor Charlemagne as ancestor of the Wittelsbach dynasty. [133] There are 14 beer tents which together can seat 119,000 attendees at a time,[133] and serve beer from the six major breweries of Munich: Augustiner, Hacker-Pschorr, Lwenbru, Paulaner, Spaten and Staatliches Hofbruhaus. Munich's population had swelled and Munich brewers were now free to employ as many workers as they needed to meet the demand. Munich is known for its breweries and the Weissbier (or Weibier / Weizenbier, wheat beer) is a speciality from Bavaria. Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch. [133] There are also over 100 rides ranging from bumper cars to full-sized roller coasters, as well as the more traditional Ferris wheels and swings. The Munich cuisine contributes to the Bavarian cuisine. [20][21] Ludwigstrae also begins at Odeonsplatz and runs from south to north, skirting the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitt, the St. Louis church, the Bavarian State Library and numerous state ministries and palaces. In 1175, Munich received city status and fortification. [52], The Prince Regent Luitpold's reign from 1886 till 1912 was marked by tremendous artistic and cultural activity in Munich. [153][154] Popular mixed music clubs are Call me Drella, Wannda Circus, Tonhalle, Backstage, Muffathalle, Ampere, Pacha, P1, Zenith, Minna Thiel and the party ship Alte Utting. Soldiers stationed in Munich were granted a daily allowance for beer in the early 1840s. 11% of public transit users, spend more than two hours travelling each day. Ludwig II tried to lure Richard Wagner to Munich, but his plans for an opera house were declined by the city council. The arts and politics became increasingly influenced by the court. He ruled over vast territories in the German Holy Roman Empire from the North and Baltic Sea to the Alps. [158][159] Munich ranks third on the list of German cities by gross domestic product (GDP). Paulaner-Salvator-Thomasbru AG, Mnchen 1984, It ist a local party, founded in 1989 to support the, T. Dombart, 'Der Englische Garten zu Mnchen'. The cycle paths usually involve a longer route than by the road, as they are diverted around objects, and the presence of pedestrians can make them quite slow. It outranks Frankfurt though as home of insurance companies such as Allianz (insurance) and Munich Re (re-insurance).[163]. Herkunft und Bedeutung. [citation needed], Munich's contributions to modern popular music are often overlooked in favour of its strong association with classical music, but they are numerous: the city has had a strong music scene in the 1960s and 1970s, with many internationally renowned bands and musicians frequently performing in its clubs. [citation needed], After making an alliance with Napoleonic France, the city became the capital of the new Kingdom of Bavaria in 1806 with Elector Maximillian Joseph becoming its first King. Some notable bars (pubs are located all over the city) are Schumann's Bar, Havana Club, Sehnsucht, Bar Centrale, Holy Home, Negroni, Die Goldene Bar and Bei Otto. [169] Munich is the hub of a well-developed regional transportation system, including the second-largest airport in Germany and the BerlinMunich high-speed railway, which connects Munich to the German capital city with a journey time of about 4 hours. However, on 14 June 1158, in Augsburg, the conflict was settled in favor of Duke Henry. Kandinsky's first abstract painting was created in Schwabing. Since the administrative reform in 1992, Munich is divided into 25 boroughs or Stadtbezirke, which themselves consist of smaller quarters. [134] Food can be bought in each tent, as well as at various stalls throughout the fairgrounds. Bernd Meier, Ludwig Maile: Heilig Kreuz Frttmaning 815-1990. [8] Munich is consistently ranked as one of the most expensive cities in Germany in terms of real estate prices and rental costs. The average amount of time people spend commuting to and from work with public transit in Munich on a weekday is 56 min. The Simpl, which survives to this day (although with little relevance to the city's contemporary art scene), was named after Munich's anti-authoritarian satirical magazine Simplicissimus, founded in 1896 by Albert Langen and Thomas Theodor Heine, which quickly became an important organ of the Schwabinger Bohme. Belgian Shoes, a New York City institution, showcases a variety of hand-sewn, hand-turned loafers, manufactured in Izegem, Belgium, an historic centre of the nation's shoe industry. Because of its importance to the rise of National Socialism, Munich was referred to as the Hauptstadt der Bewegung ("Capital of the Movement"). Its dome dominates the Odeonsplatz. Another notable park is Ostpark located in the Ramersdorf-Perlach borough which also houses the Michaelibad, the largest water park in Munich. This includes more companies listed by the DAX than any other German city, as well as the German or European headquarters of many foreign companies such as McDonald's and Microsoft. The city is also the location of the programming headquarters of Germany's largest public broadcasting network, ARD, while the largest commercial network, Pro7-Sat1 Media AG, is headquartered in the suburb of Unterfhring. Traditionally a ball for Munich's domestic servants, cooks, nannies, and other household staff, Kocherlball, or cooks ball was a chance for the lower classes to take the morning off and dance together before the families of their households woke up. The Karlstor leads up to the Stachus, a square dominated by the Justizpalast (Palace of Justice) and a fountain. [citation needed], The city is known as the second-largest publishing centre in the world (around 250 publishing houses have offices in the city), and many national and international publications are published in Munich, such as Arts in Munich, LAXMag and Prinz. The state parliament (the Landtag) and the new archdiocese of Munich and Freising were also located in the city. In the late 1990s, Electroclash was substantially co-invented if not even invented in Munich, when DJ Hell introduced and assembled international pioneers of this musical genre through his International DeeJay Gigolo Records label here.[123]. Lehel, a middle-class quarter east of the Altstadt, is characterised by numerous well-preserved townhouses. since 1905. Many operas were staged there, including the premiere of Mozart's Idomeneo in 1781. The German art movement took its name from the Munich magazine Die Jugend (The Youth). While certain streets are discontinuous for cars, they connect to a network of pedestrian and bike paths, which permeate the entire centre. Several smaller traditional Bavarian towns and cities like Dachau, Freising, Erding, Starnberg, Landshut and Moosburg are today part of the Greater Munich Region, formed by Munich and the surrounding districts, making up the Munich Metropolitan Region, which has a population of about 6million people. The southern part of the avenue was constructed in Italian renaissance style, while the north is strongly influenced by Italian Romanesque architecture. In 2008, the Bavarian state government granted a licence to expand Oberpfaffenhofen Air Station located west of Munich, for commercial use. The most precipitation occurs in July, on average. The most recent city council election was held on 15 March 2020, and the results were as follows: In the Landtag of Bavaria, Munich is divided between nine constituencies. Bishop Otto von Freising (d. 1158) was a scholar, historian and bishop of a large section of Bavaria that was part of his diocese of Freising. With the help of those programs issues regarding spatial planning and settlement density, the development of buildings and green spaces as well as plans for functioning ventilation in a cityscape can be monitored and managed.[97]. It was first built during the Romanesque period, and was the focus of the early monastic settlement in Munich before the city's official foundation in 1158. [35], In 1349, the Black Death ravaged Munich and Bavaria.[36]. Hrsg. Oktoberfest hosts 144 caterers and employees 13,000 people. [157] The city is also the economic centre of southern Germany. At Munich's official weather stations, the highest and lowest temperatures ever measured are 37.5C (100F), on 27 July 1983 in Trudering-Riem, and 31.6C (24.9F), on 12 February 1929 in the Botanic Garden of the city. The city's metropolitan region is home to 6 million people. The Munich agglomeration sprawls across the plain of the Alpine foothills comprising about 2.6million inhabitants. We look forward to working with you one-on-one. 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